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How DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) assigns IP address ?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with...
How Dig command is used for DNS lookup ?
The command dig is a tool for querying DNS nameservers for information about host addresses, mail exchanges, nameservers, and related...
Normal TCP operation and its states
Transmission control protocol (TCP) is a network communication protocol designed to send data packets over the Internet. TCP is a...
NTP and Syslog Protocols
In this blog you will learn how to configure Syslog protocol to send logs from network devices to a central log server. NTP will be...
Limited broadcast vs subnet broadcast
IP Broadcast Addresses IP broadcast addresses are used for single-packet one-to-everyone delivery. A sending host addresses the IP packet...
How TCP discovers the Path MTU ?
TCP avoids fragmentation by always setting the Don't Fragment (DF) bit in the IP header to discover the path MTU from the ICMP messages...
How IP fragmentation occurs ?
The physical network layer normally imposes an upper limit on the size of the frame that can be transmitted. Whenever the IP layer...
What is value of TTL in Ping command and how does it different from TTL in traceroute command?
An IP TTL is set initially by the system sending the packet. It can be set to any value between 1 and 255; different operating systems...
How the ICMP message is used to identify the IP datagram that caused the error?
The purpose of the lab is to observe an ICMP port unreachable message and to see how the ICMP message is used to identify the IP datagram...
What is ARP and how does it work ?
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) converts an Internet Protocol (IP) address to its corresponding physical network address. IP networks...
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